Based on the supervision ideas of “source control”, “joint management”, “consumer-end monitoring”, “classification supervision” and “precise supervision”, the customs cross-border e-commerce supervision department has carried out active and effective prevention and control practices. Taking Guangzhou Customs as an example, the details are as follows.
1. Establish an e-commerce platform verification mechanism to strengthen source control
Fake e-commerce platforms generally have one or more problems such as the inability to log in, register, purchase goods, no shipment of purchased goods, customs clearance goods not being sold on the e-commerce platform, the e-commerce platform traffic does not match the number of customs clearance goods, and domestic e-commerce platforms do not meet the national operating qualification requirements.
2. Establish a contact and cooperation method for the competent departments of payment companies and implement joint management
Fake e-commerce platforms are often accompanied by the forgery of transaction electronic documents. Guangzhou Customs analyzed the e-commerce platforms with abnormal situations and found that the payment companies cooperating with such e-commerce companies were concentrated in a few small payment companies. Among them, 43 of them cooperated with a certain payment company and were suspected of false transactions and forged electronic payment orders. Customs has the ability to dig out clues of abnormal payments in the cross-border e-commerce field. As the competent department of payment enterprises, the People’s Bank of China has the means and management authority to verify payment settlements of payment enterprises. Establishing a contact and cooperation method between customs and the People’s Bank of China is conducive to sharing resources of both parties and strengthening the management of payment enterprises.
3. Relying on technological innovation to strengthen consumer terminal monitoring
Fake e-commerce platforms and fake e-commerce transactions are usually accompanied by illegal and irregular acts of misusing personal identity information. How to prevent personal identity information from being misused in the customs clearance process and personal cross-border e-commerce retail import quotas from being used, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, is both a difficulty for cross-border e-commerce and a breakthrough point for strengthening supervision.
4. Establish a precise portrait model for enterprises and implement classified supervision of enterprises
Guangzhou Customs explores changing the extensive practices of manual review and random inspection of cross-border e-commerce, setting manual review rate and inspection rate for enterprise classification, and setting an inspection upper limit for business site classification.
First, establish a precise portrait model for enterprises, combine the verification results of e-commerce platforms, as well as factors such as the business scale, development level, customs clearance situation and consumer recognition of enterprises over the years, to carry out precise analysis and quantitative evaluation of enterprises.
Second, establish a regular rating mechanism and emergency adjustment mechanism for enterprises. According to the results of enterprise portraits, enterprises are regularly classified, and emergency events are allowed to be adjusted immediately as needed.
Third, in accordance with the principle of convenience for honest and law-abiding, and punishment for dishonesty and violation of the law, implement corresponding management measures according to the enterprise category, and adjust them according to the implementation effect. Through different review, machine, inspection ratios, and transaction authenticity verification requirements, accurate control of cross-border e-commerce enterprises can be achieved.
5. Establish a cross-border e-commerce risk prevention and control model and implement precise supervision
Based on the risk types of cross-border e-commerce, combined with the characteristics of the complete “transaction chain” and rich data sources of cross-border e-commerce, comprehensively use the results of “e-commerce platform verification”, “joint management”, “consumer end monitoring”, “enterprise portraits”, etc., to establish a cross-border e-commerce risk prevention and control model.
First, establish a cross-border e-commerce risk prevention and control database. The database covers regulatory data and external regulatory data. Regulatory data include declaration list data, “three documents” data such as electronic orders, electronic logistics documents, and electronic payment documents, as well as inspection and seizure data; external regulatory data include e-commerce platform verification, joint management, consumer monitoring, and enterprise portrait-related data.
Second, based on cross-border e-commerce risks, refine risk characteristics, and establish a risk prevention and control model.
Third, use the risk prevention and control model to monitor the cross-border e-commerce risk prevention and control database in real time, and convert early warnings into control instructions to act on the customs clearance system, or convert them into case clues and transfer them to the inspection and anti-smuggling department for follow-up processing.