1. Trademark
Trademarks include graphics (such as Apple), Chinese (such as Angel Mooncake), foreign languages (such as SONY), numbers (such as 12580), color combinations, or combinations of the above elements (such as Gree’s trademark), which can also be understood as brands in the traditional sense.
According to the International Nice Classification, trademarks are generally divided into the following 45 categories in most countries, of which the underlined parts are more popular categories.
2. Patent
Patents generally refer to patent rights, that is, the state grants inventors the right to exclusively use their inventions for a certain period of time in accordance with the law.
In my country, patents are divided into three types: invention patents, utility model patents, and appearance patents. Among them, invention patents are the most valuable. What are the differences between these three? Invention patents refer to new technical solutions proposed for products, methods or their improvements, such as structure, materials, processing technology (methods), formulas, and systems. Utility model patents refer to new technical solutions suitable for practical use proposed for the shape, structure or combination of products. The appearance patent refers to a new design that is aesthetically pleasing and suitable for industrial application, which is based on the shape, pattern or combination of a product, as well as the combination of color, shape or pattern.
It should be noted that the patent systems of different countries are not the same. For example, in the United States, there are no utility model patents, only invention patents and appearance patents.
3. Copyright
Copyright is the right of authorship, which refers to the rights enjoyed by the author of literary, artistic and scientific works over their works, including property rights and personal rights.