1. Ocean Transportation
Among the international cargo transportation methods, the most widely used is ocean transportation.
Ocean transportation has the advantages of large carrying capacity, low throughput and freight. Although ocean transportation has the above advantages, it also has its shortcomings. For example, ocean transportation is greatly affected by climate and natural conditions, the sailing date is not easy to be accurate, and the risk is relatively high. In addition, the speed of ocean transportation is relatively low.
2. Rail Transportation
Among international cargo transportation, rail transportation is a major transportation method second only to ocean transportation. Rail transportation has many advantages, such as being generally not affected by climate conditions, ensuring normal transportation throughout the year, and having a large volume, fast speed, high continuity, and less risk during operation. The procedures for handling rail freight are simpler than those for ocean transportation, and the consignor and consignee can handle the consignment and delivery procedures at the nearest departure station (shipping station) and destination station.
3. Air Transportation
Air Transportation is a modern mode of transportation. Compared with ocean transportation and rail transportation, it has the advantages of fast transportation speed, high freight quality and no restrictions on ground conditions. Therefore, it is most suitable for transporting urgently needed materials, fresh goods, precision instruments and valuables. In recent years, with the rapid development of international trade and the continuous modernization of international cargo transportation technology, the use of air transportation has become increasingly common.
Air transportation can be divided into several types, such as scheduled flight transportation, charter flight transportation, centralized consignment, and air express.
4. Road Transportation
Road Transportation is a modern mode of transportation. It can not only directly transport foreign trade goods in or out, but also is an important means for stations, ports and airports to distribute import and export goods.
Road transportation has the characteristics of flexibility, speed and convenience. Especially in the realization of “door-to-door” transportation, road transportation is indispensable. However, road transportation also has certain shortcomings, such as limited cargo capacity, high transportation costs, and easy cargo damage accidents.