1. International Civil Aviation Organization
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is an international air transport organization composed of governments of various countries (regions). It is a specialized agency in the United Nations system responsible for handling international civil aviation affairs. On December 7, 1944, 52 countries (regions) signed the Convention on International Civil Aviation (commonly known as the Chicago Convention) in Chicago, and the Provisional International Civil Aviation Organization (PICAO) was established in accordance with the provisions of the convention. On May 13, 1947, ICAO officially became a specialized agency of the United Nations. As of 2019, it has 193 members and is headquartered in Montreal, Canada.
ICAO consists of a three-level framework of the Assembly, the Council and the Secretariat. The highest authority holds an assembly every three years. The Council is a permanent institution responsible to the Assembly and is composed of representatives of 36 members elected by the Assembly. my country resumed its participation in the main activities of ICAO in 1974 and is one of the members of the Council. The Council has the Air Transport Committee, the Joint Navigation Committee, the Finance Committee, the Unlawful Interference Committee, the Technical Cooperation Committee, the Human Resources Committee, etc. The International Civil Aviation Organization mainly formulates international standards and regulations for civil aviation, formulates and updates international technical standards and recommended measures for navigation, encourages the use of safety measures, unifies business regulations and simplifies international border procedures.
2. International Air Transport Association
The International Air Transport Association (IATA, hereinafter referred to as IATA) is a joint organization of air transport companies in various countries. Members must be airlines holding scheduled flight transport licenses issued by members of the International Civil Aviation Organization. Its predecessor was the International Air Traffic Association. In April 1945, airlines from various countries reviewed the association’s charter in Havana, and 58 airlines signed the document. On December 8, 1945, the Canadian Parliament passed a special decree agreeing to grant it legal person status. The association is headquartered in Montreal, Canada, and its executive headquarters is in Geneva. There is also a clearing house in Geneva to facilitate financial settlements between members and between members and non-members. The International Air Transport Association has offices in 7 regions around the world.