The evolution and current situation of cross-border import e-commerce logistics models and warehousing layout
Cross-border import e-commerce is undergoing a transformation from personal purchasing to a B2C model. Data show that in 2015, the B2C model accounted for 47.7%, almost the same as the C2C model. By 2017, the B2C model accounted for 64.4%, becoming the mainstream model for cross-border import e-commerce. The reasons for this change can be analyzed from three perspectives: national policy, investment capital and commodity quality.
At the policy level, since 2012, the country has begun to open the first batch of cross-border import e-commerce pilot cities, and since 2013, it has introduced convenient customs clearance policies to support cross-border e-commerce, further promoting the development of the B2C model. After 2014, cross-border import e-commerce was allowed to be legalized, which standardized the market environment and attracted more merchants to transform into B2C platforms.
The influx of investment capital is also an important factor promoting the development of this model. Cross-border import e-commerce has a large investment space. In 2016, the average financing amount of relevant platforms was approximately US$33 million, including many billion-level financing cases, which further promoted the growth of B2C platforms.
In order to ensure product quality, the rise of the B2C model is also crucial. The quality of products on C2C platforms varies, while B2C platforms provide more reliable quality assurance and help meet consumer needs.
In terms of logistics models, cross-border e-commerce logistics can usually be divided into single cross-border logistics models and overseas transit cross-border logistics models. The single cross-border logistics model mainly involves overseas suppliers directly delivering goods to the logistics distribution center in the destination country. After consumers submit orders on the online platform, the distribution center completes subsequent packaging and mailing. This mode is delivered in the form of a single package and has faster delivery speed.
On the other hand, the cross-border logistics model for overseas transit includes “two-stage transit” and “two-stage collection”. In the two-stage transit model, overseas suppliers send the goods to the logistics center in the target country, where the local logistics company completes the preparation and storage, and then ships the goods in batches. Although this method saves international transportation costs, the transportation time is longer. . The “two-stage collection” model further improves cost efficiency by cooperating with domestic logistics companies on this basis, and is especially suitable for international orders with large order volumes.
By optimizing warehousing layout, cross-border micro-commerce can improve logistics efficiency and improve consumers’ shopping experience. For example, configuring sample warehouses and distribution warehouses in the warehouse can not only reduce logistics pressure, but also speed up the sales of goods. This layout helps consolidate different small orders into bulk shipments, thereby reducing costs and increasing efficiency.
In summary, cross-border import e-commerce is gradually adapting to market demand, improving overall efficiency, and promoting the healthy development of the industry in the evolution of logistics models and warehousing layouts.