Payment is made through various networks. Due to the different management and leading parties of different network types, the interests and development plans are also different. As new technologies such as the Internet have brought impacts to existing communication networks and television networks, the continuous influx of industry franchisees and breakthrough innovative business models have caused ups and downs in the field of network payment and extremely fierce competition. Due to the diversification of network connection forms, third-party network payment has also shown different characteristics and development trends.

1) Internet payment

Internet payment refers to the payment using broadband Internet access in third-party payment. At present, it is a mainstream form of third-party network payment. Among the participants are companies and products with industry dominance such as Alipay and Tenpay.

2) Communication network payment

Communication network payment refers to the payment made through the terminal used by the communication network. Its payment forms include mobile phone payment, fixed-line payment, etc. According to the communication network access method, there are four main payment methods: the first is short message (STK), the second is voice IVR (interactive voice response), the third is USSD (unstructured supplementary data service), and the fourth is to use WAP (wireless application protocol). The common feature of these payment methods is that they all use the communication network to transmit payment information.

In the communication network payment business, there are generally two ways to withdraw fees: the first is that the fees are collected through the telecom operator’s bill, and the user pays this fee while paying his communication bill. In this way, the operator provides credit to the user, but this collection method makes the telecom operator suspected of operating financial business beyond the scope, so its scope is limited to limited services such as downloading mobile phone ringtones. The second is that the fees are deducted from the user’s bank debit account or credit card account. In this method, the communication platform is just a simple information channel, which connects the user’s bank account or credit card number with his phone number.

3 TV network payment

In China, TV payment is an industry application led by the network company of the State Administration of Radio and Television. It is a payment service built on the advantages of digital TV networks. Specifically, it is based on a two-way interactive network, aimed at families and individual users, with the set-top box operating system as the payment front end and the television as the display interface. The entire payment process can be completed online safely and conveniently using personal accounts. The TV payment system is an operational, manageable, accessible, safe and convenient payment platform.

(1) Network and system. CATV cable is used for broadband transmission. Different from the baseband transmission used by other Ethernet physical layers, the broadband wiring system can divide the frequency band into different spectra and then provide different services through different frequency bands. With the development of optical transmission technology, replacing the CATV trunk line with optical cable has formed HFC technology, that is, hybrid transmission mode, which refers to a CATV network that uses hybrid optical fiber plus coaxial cable for broadband digital communication.

Currently, based on the signal flow direction of the CATV network, the HFC network can be divided into two types: unidirectional HFC and bidirectional HFC. However, since unidirectional HFC can only operate broadcast services, while bidirectional HFC can operate various digital services, the bidirectional HFC network is usually called HFC, and the unidirectional HFC is called CATV. The current development trend is to vigorously use two-way networks to carry and provide more abundant applications.

(2) Payment system. The TV payment system is often a subsystem of the TV business hall, and the TV business hall is a fully functional interactive system. In addition to providing complete interactive TV functions, it also has other value-added services. Value-added services include TV Internet access, TV mail, pay-per-view digital TV on demand, and can also be expanded to TV business, online games, distance education, online guessing, home banking, TV MMS and other fields, as well as future integration with IP phone functions (video calls can be made on TV), thereby truly realizing the integration of three networks.