Comprehensive analysis of cross-border e-commerce position analysis methods: questionnaire method, interview method, document analysis method, observation method and work log method

Questionnaire method

The questionnaire method is a method of collecting position information in written form, through question and answer methods, with the position holder or relevant personnel unilaterally transmitting information. Job analysis questionnaires are divided into two types: quantitative structured questionnaires and unstructured questionnaires. The former uses a closed questionnaire and follows a strict logical system to facilitate statistical analysis and quantify job descriptions or evaluations; the latter is more flexible and can be personalized according to organizational characteristics.

The advantage of the questionnaire method is that it collects comprehensive and systematic information, is simple and economical to operate, is suitable for obtaining information quickly and efficiently among large-scale employees, and is easy to process digitally. However, the design of questionnaires takes a lot of time and resources, and there may be poor cooperation among employees or misunderstanding of questions.

Interview method

The interview method is a method of obtaining position-related information through communication with people related to the position (such as the incumbent or superiors). It includes individual interviews, group interviews, and conversations with supervisors or industry experts. This method is widely used in job analysis at various levels, and is especially suitable for in-depth analysis of middle and senior management positions.

The advantage of the interview method is that it provides opportunities for face-to-face communication, which helps to enhance employees’ understanding and support for job analysis, and at the same time promotes the relationship between the company and employees. However, due to the possible tendency to exaggerate the importance of the position and the longer time cost, it is recommended to use the interview method in conjunction with the questionnaire method.

Document analysis & observation method

Literature Analysis

The literature analysis method involves collecting, identifying and organizing work-related literature and researching these materials to obtain job information. Internal information sources include documents such as the “Employee Handbook” and “Job Responsibilities Description”, while external information comes from job analysis reports of other similar companies.

Although the literature analysis method is cost-effective and efficient, the inability to verify the authenticity of the original data may lead to erroneous information that interferes with the analysis results.

Observation method

The observation method is a method of directly collecting job information through observation, communication and recording at the work site. It is particularly suitable for positions where the job content is relatively fixed and relies mainly on physical activity. Nonetheless, the observational method is less applicable to jobs that involve more mental effort.

Work log method

The work diary method requires employees to record their work content and activities in real time and accurately according to the work sequence. This approach is often used in conjunction with other analytical tools to provide a more complete understanding of job characteristics.

The characteristics of the work log method include one-way information transmission, structured records, detailed descriptions, and possible information distortion. Additionally, this approach may also place an additional burden on the incumbent due to the need for frequent recording.

In summary, each job analysis method has its unique advantages and limitations. In practical applications, different methods should be flexibly selected and used in combination according to specific circumstances to ensure the effectiveness and accuracy of job analysis.